Геология

The soil cover on the territory of the Trofimov oil field located within the city of Saratov has been studied. Based on the results of analysis of concentrations of mobile forms of heavy metals, an assessment of the modern sanitary-hygienic and ecological-geochemical state of soils was performed. Significant correlations between different metals have been found. An excess of the maximum permissible concentrations for nickel and copper has been established.

The Ventriculitidae representatives used to hold noticeable and occasionally dominant position within the Coniacian – Maastrichtian sponge assemblages. Relatively simple skeleton construction in the representatives of the family among the Late Cretaceous hexactinellids has made it possible to trace variations in skeleton morphology, changes in the goblet habitus and in the structure of irrigation system depending on the width variations of the skeleton-building wall.

The concentrations of organic matter in the soils of Volsk (Saratov region) are determined. It was found that the concentration of organic matter varies from 0.57 to 2.34% with an average value of 1.88%. The distribution of organic matter in the background area varies from 2.03 to 2.33% with an average value of 2.25%. Thus, it can be noted that in the city of Volsk a decrease in the content of organic matter is observed in comparison with the background values.

The concentrations of mobile forms of heavy metals (copper, nickel, zinc, copper, lead and chromium) in the soils of the town of Volsk (Saratov region) were determined. It has been established that the concentration of heavy metals (nickel, copper, lead and zinc) exceeds the maximum permissible concentration. 94% of the selected samples are related to the permissible level of pollution, 4% to the moderate level and 2% to the dangerous level.

Terminal layers of carbonate rocks of Maastrichtian and lower intervals of Paleocene aleurite-pelitic formations are accessible for investigation in Krasny Oktyabr and Bolshevik quarries (Volsk Depression). In the bottom of the Paleocene accumulation of skeletons of calcareous and siliceous sponges has been confirmed, mollusk and elasmobranch assemblage has been determined.

Up to the present time the territory of Ryazan-Saratov mega-deflection including dedicated to it Chembarsko-Petrovskaya zone of dislocations for oil and gas remains poorly studied by modern geological and geophysical methods of exploration and deep exploratory drilling. In this paper the characteristic of the geological structure of a complex of Paleozoic rocks and identified deposits and deposits discovered in the Devonian and Carboniferous oil and gas complexes in

The Lower Taiga area is a part of the East-Sikhote-Alin volcanicplutonic belt (ЕSAVPB), located in the transition zone of the continentocean which has a very folded geological structure. The study of the geological and geochemical composition, structure and patterns of the placement of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks of the Lower Taiga area (LTA) will significantly complement the data on the geological and geochemical features of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic stage of the formation of the ЕSAVPB.

Hydrogeodynamic research of oil-gas-and-water complexes of wellknown provinces allow to forecast the zones of hydrogeological opening of bowels of the earth and physical properties of oils of the expected beds.

To date, the significance of geological processes induced by fluid activity in the crust and in the Earth’s lithosphere in general has been fully revealed. The role of fluid systems in the energy and matter flow transfer, as well as in the formation of the lithospheric deep modes, its lamination and decompression structures, becomes apparent in the light of current data.

Measurements of mass magnetic susceptibility of 2 232 samples, collected in Takma and Chakhmakhly sections (SW Crimea, Bodrak river) through every 20 cm of thickness were conducted. The cycles, supposedly corresponding to the periods of long and short eccentricities of Earth orbit and its axis obliquity were detected by Fourier transform and wavelet analysis of obtained data. The average sedimentation rate (11.7 cm/kyr) was calculated.