Геология

Up to the present time the territory of Ryazan-Saratov mega-deflection including dedicated to it Chembarsko-Petrovskaya zone of dislocations for oil and gas remains poorly studied by modern geological and geophysical methods of exploration and deep exploratory drilling. In this paper the characteristic of the geological structure of a complex of Paleozoic rocks and identified deposits and deposits discovered in the Devonian and Carboniferous oil and gas complexes in

The Lower Taiga area is a part of the East-Sikhote-Alin volcanicplutonic belt (ЕSAVPB), located in the transition zone of the continentocean which has a very folded geological structure. The study of the geological and geochemical composition, structure and patterns of the placement of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks of the Lower Taiga area (LTA) will significantly complement the data on the geological and geochemical features of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic stage of the formation of the ЕSAVPB.

Hydrogeodynamic research of oil-gas-and-water complexes of wellknown provinces allow to forecast the zones of hydrogeological opening of bowels of the earth and physical properties of oils of the expected beds.

To date, the significance of geological processes induced by fluid activity in the crust and in the Earth’s lithosphere in general has been fully revealed. The role of fluid systems in the energy and matter flow transfer, as well as in the formation of the lithospheric deep modes, its lamination and decompression structures, becomes apparent in the light of current data.

Measurements of mass magnetic susceptibility of 2 232 samples, collected in Takma and Chakhmakhly sections (SW Crimea, Bodrak river) through every 20 cm of thickness were conducted. The cycles, supposedly corresponding to the periods of long and short eccentricities of Earth orbit and its axis obliquity were detected by Fourier transform and wavelet analysis of obtained data. The average sedimentation rate (11.7 cm/kyr) was calculated.

Among the Late Cretaceous Ventriculitidae, with the most simply constructed pariform skeleton, representatives characterized by unusual neoplasms were identified. On the paragastric surface after the lapel of these sponges (Contubernium), cone-shaped submodules are regularly based, the appearance of which is associated with incomplete blastogenesis. Paragastra of submodules are not associated with the atrium, therefore, Contubernium is considered as a perifrontal organism, occupying an intermediate position between single and modular forms of spongia.

Based on the study of cephalopods and bivalves, the paleontological characteristics of the Ryazanian (lowermost Lower Cretaceous) sections were supplemented in the stratoregion located in the Oka River Basin near Ryazan, Central Russia. The data obtained are important for the analysis of the stratigraphic position in subboreal sections of taxa known in the Arctic, and the subsequent qualitative development of the zonal level of scales for belemnites and buchias of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary interval of the Russian Plate.

The soil cover in the territory of the specially protected natural area «Botanical Garden of Saratov State University» is investigated. Based on the analysis of the concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals, the assessment of the current sanitary-hygienic and ecological-geochemical state of soils has been carried out. The excess of the maximum allowable concentration for nickel, copper and zinc has been established. 

In this article, a lithologic-petrophysical model of oil and gas bearing terigenic reservoirs of the Severo-Limanskoye oil field has been considered. Geological and geophysical characteristics of terigenic reservoirs have been determined. Lithologic-petrophysical models of reservoir of the Tula-Bobrikov sediments and the Alexin sediments of the Severo-Limanskoye oil field have been compiled. The regularity of the change in reservoir properties (porosity, effective thickness of beds) vertically and laterally in the reservoirs has been traced.

The quality of surface flow coming from the territory of the town of Volsk to the Volgograd reservoir is investigated. The analysis of water samples during the spring runoff maximum and summer-autumn runoff minimum showed increased concentrations of all determined indicators relative to fishery standards. In order to protect the Volgograd reservoir from pollution and to comply with town-planning and environmental regulations, it is necessary to implement a set of measures to clean domestic and surface effluents.