География

With the use of modern numerical methods of celestial mechanics, the incoming irradiance flux to the Earth from the Sun has been calculated under the assumption of the invariability of its luminosity through interval of 1700–2000 A.D. Harmonics of the annual period of the Earth as well as harmonics of the synodic period of Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and harmonics corresponded to combination frequencies, are clearly visible in the power spectrum of time series of the insolation. The periods of these harmonics are located in the range from 100 days to 15.7 years.

Long-term variability of some meteorological parameters in the Saratov region is analyzed in this paper. For the period of observation from 1930 to 2004 at six stations in the Saratov region, linear trends of average, maximal and minimal air temperatures, the sum of atmospheric precipitations for various months and seasons have been gained. These results suggest reduction of continentality of a climate in the region. 

In the present article the authors give substantiation of agroclimatic resources and description of such unique climatic phenomena as zoning and seasonality. Monitoring of meteorological elements for the period of 50-70 years forms the essence of characteristics of Saratov region climate, average temperature characteristics have been calculated for the period of more than 100 years.

Results of definition of half-daily period with the maximal contribution of a day thermal convection in summer rain genesis are considered. This day period is determined for Penza and Saratov areas as 10–22 h. msk. The contribution of day thermal convection in strengthening of rain genesis of these regions is estimated. The diurnal heating of а underlying surface causes increase of the precipitations sum for not less than one third in average. 

Results of experience in division of «steady widespread» and «excess heavy» parts of liquid precipitation by criterion of their intensity are considered in this paper. New physical approach is based on distinction of main precipitated ascending movements, causing formation of heavy or steady widespread precipitation. The data on pluviographical observations for ten summer periods (1984 - 1993) at one post in Penza region are analyzed. The non-standard technique of processing and analysis of the data is used.

The history of formation of a regional network of PPNT of Saratov area is considered, in the article the periods and stages in its development are allocated, are analysed regional specifity of the approaches to organization and revealing PPNT. As a result of the carried out researches the author judges necessity of the prompt development of a network PPNT of Saratov area adequate the modern requirements, main of which – maintenance of ecological stability in region.

In article modern problems of the organization of scientific work in Hvalynsky national park are stated. The program of landscapeecological researches in Park is considered. Some results of landscapegeochemical works and snow shootings in the central part of Park are proofs. Prospects of the further researches with application of GIS-technologies are studed. 

Analysis of many years’ data lets to determine correlation of the cereal’s crop capacity with spring provision of productive moisture in soil and the precipitations quantity in different periods of the cereal’s growth and development.

Present paper is devoted to a problem of the analysis of medicoecological situation in large industrial city (by the example of Balakovo city of Saratov region). An object of such investigation is, first of all, the studying of correlation between pollution of the environment in the city and morbidity of citizens. In the current paper the GIS-method and some intermediate results of the analysis of medico-ecological situation in Balakovo are presented. Some features of input data processing are considered.

The forecast of the spring wheat quality is represented in this work. The forecast is composed on the grounds of correlation of the amount of protein in cereal with mean monthly air temperature in June. The equation derived by the authors lets to estimate the cereal’s quality in monthly advance. The forecast of the quality of the new harvest cereal composed in advance has an important meaning in organization of cereal provision.