Геология

The Balantionella genus has been recognized by A. Schrammen (1902) from a single specimen and two skeleton fragments from a locality in the «quadrate» Cretaceous rocks in Germany. In the southeast of the Russian Plate, representatives of the genus have been determined within units from all the stages of the Upper Cretaceous. This has made it possible to provide characteristics and to trace the morphogenetic tendencies in the representatives of the group. Three subgenera and 12 species have been recognized.

Based on geological survey data from previous years, it is safe to say that there is a possibility of oil and gas discovery in the Devonian terrigenous-carbonate deposits, similar to the findings in the regions known as the Ryazano-Saratovsky Basin and the Stepnovskaya Anticline, as well as its adjacent areas. Yet the geological structure and a potential for discovery of recoverable hydrocarbon deposits within the Svintsovskaya Depression are still unclear.

The paper represents materials which evidently show small amplitude faults in the gravitational field, poorly seen in a wave field, and appearance of peak of instability among ?g curves reflecting features of «thin structure» of the gravitational field which can be considered as objects potentially containing oil and gas. The purpose of this paper is an attraction of attention of users of subsoil resources on necessity to carry out precision gravimetric or even better to do gravimagnetic investigations along seismic profiles using combined scheme. 

The paper represents an analysis of the vertical range of foraminifera in the Albian-Senomanian-Turonian interval from sections of rightbank of the Volga region (the south of the Penza, Saratov and the north of the Volgograd regions). It is suggested to establish two local biozones: Gavelenella cenomanica and Lingulogavelenella globosa within the Melovatkian suite (Senomanian stage).

This paper represents results of the complex research of the Senomanian deposits from right-bank of the Volga region. It is suggested to revise the stratigraphic position and the range of previously established Melovatka suite (1999) (Senomanian stage). It has been revealed that major part of the middle (silt-argillaceous packet) subsuite and the upper (sandy packet) sub-suite are missing from the stratotype section, but determined by the author within the Senomanian stage of the right-bank Volga region.

Manifestation of natural disasters during growth of cities in the Volga Region revealed amount of geoecological problems in the beginning of the 20th century. Increasing of these problems forced engineeringgeological research with elements of geoecological investigations in the Geological scientific Institute of Saratov University. This work provided a basis for geoecological, urboecological and agroecological research in the University. 

The joint Vendian-Riphean reservoir in the Yurubcheno-Tokhomskaya zone (YuTZ) of the Siberian Platform has resulted from hydrothermal activity. Prediction of the HC-prospective fields in the VendianRuphean deposits is based on revealing the zones of hydrothermal activity conductive to cavern and pore formation in the fractured carbonate series. Quartz-associated ankerites are indicator minerals for oil- and gas-saturated dolomites. 

A direct dependence is established between the scale of accumulation of oil source organic matter and the average annual temperature, illumination and supply of biogenic elements to the photic layer of the water mass in a sedimentation basin. Other conditions being favourable, the oil-generating potentials of sedimentary-rock basins depend upon their paleolatitudinal position during accumulation of oil-source deposits. Oil and gas contents are predicted for the shelf zones of other marginal Arctic seas in Russia.

A zonal ichthyofaunal stratigraphic scheme for different facies deposits from the Lower and Middle Triassic of European Russia is proposed for the first time. The scheme has been elaborated on ichthyofaunal complexes and groups with use of evolutionary trends among dipnoans, elasmobranchians and actinopterigians. Upper Permian zonal scheme on ichthyofauna is also clarified. Distribution of fishes in Triassic of Eastern-European platform is shown. 

Dependence of the near-surface air temperature on the Earth's rotational regime is revealed in the Phanerozoic. Epochs of cooling correlate with reduced rates of the Earth's rotation. Macrovariations in rotational regime caused by cosmogenic and endogenic factors, and microvariations, as well as by fluctuations in solar activity and endogenic processes, control the stresses and deformations within the Earth's crust, dynamics and peculiarites of water and air mass circulation, and consequently, the temperature regimes of the latitudinal belts.