География

The digital spectral analysis was carried out for centennial datasets of mean daily values of the surface air temperature anomalies at De Bilt and Lugano weather stations. In the power spectra of datasets peaks are found, which are associated with the influence of various terrestrial and space factors: the quasi-biennial oscillation, the pole tide, luni-solar tides, the rotation of the Earth – Moon system around the barycenter, and the solar activity.

The article presents datas on the gross chemical composition of buried soils of Subatantic and Subboreal periods, that’s located on geosystems floodplain of the Middle Volga. Based on the evaluation of geochemical factors justified bioclimatic conditions of their development, as well as the peculiarities of the process of soil formation. The comparative geochemical characteristics of buried soils with their zonal analogues (leached chernozem).

The article describes preliminary results of the second phase of the Demographic Policy Convention of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025. The demographic situation of 2010–2015 is considered on the example of the Volga Federal District. Particular attention is paid to changes in the demographic situation in the Saratov region. The article highlights the positive changes that have occurred in 2010–2015. The article formulates aims for the third phase – 2016–2025.

The article shows the main problem questions of Land use and development rules of settlements’ territories creation. Problematic aspects of Rules development related of making changes in existing Rules in accordance with the classifier of permitted land use, difficulties in identifying and mapping boundaries of zones with special conditions of use, resolve contentious issues at public hearings are defined.

The article suggests approaches to the study of the attractiveness of different regions and cities. Some of them apply to the subjects of the Russian Federation and the cities of the Volga economic region.

The article is on the daily weather data for the seventy-year period (1941–2011). The agroclimatic characterization is given on the winter season in Saratov, analyzed the average daily temperature for individual years and decades, the evaluation is given on the winter season according to the favorable wintering of the winter crops.

The article notes the need to develop a conceptual interstate program on regulation of water within transboundary river basin Ural. Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the eco-hydrological and socioeconomic specifics of cross-border region allowed to identify the key approaches to integrated water resources management in the basin Ural.

Rural settlement system in Saratov region is in constant development. Transformation of rural settlement is considered for 1959–2015. The study of rural settlement is relevant due to system of local government reform. Number of rural municipalities is being reduced and the number of settlements in them is growing. The number of rural settlements is in reduction. The share of population living in large settlements increases (as a result of the change of status of a rural settlement to an urban one included).

In this article you can find results of the hydrological works, that was realized by landscape-ecological investigation in a Chardym river basin in the summer 2015. With the help of the portable equipment and standard methodology, chemical water components were defined and was given an assessment of their quality based on standard criteria of maximum concentration limit of the polluting substances for reservoirs of fishery appointment and potential sources of technogenic pollution.

The article discusses several techniques to optimize land use, adapted to the territory of the Saratov Zavolzhje, investigate the dynamics of land relations in the Soviet district of the Saratov region over the past 40 years, made recommendations for the improvement of the Soviet district land use to increase the stability of agricultural landscapes.