География

Introduction. Transformation is understood as a change in the properties of an air mass: its temperature, humidity, and stability. Transformation changes are especially strong in the summer when cold air from the Arctic basin shifts to the continental regions of Eurasia. When empirically studying the transformation process, there are difficulties associated with determining its beginning and end.

The article considers the influence of knowledge spillovers as a factor of innovative development on the efficiency and intensity of agricultural production in the regions of Russia. The territorial distribution of agricultural patents and references to them in the regions of the country was analyzed, which is one of the methods for identifying knowledge spillovers. Based on this, a typology of Russian regions was carried out on innovative functions of agriculture and the level of creativity.

Introduction. This study focuses on the examination of territorial barriers in urban environments. It analyses the main types of barriers, their role in the spatial development of the city, and their impact on the formation of socio-economic interactions. Data and Methods. A methodology for calculating the permeability coefficient of territorial barriers has been developed.

The issue of regional development in relation to the reproduction of human capital is becoming increasingly urgent every year. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the potential for redistributing human resources within meso- and macro-territorial systems. Using the example of the Volga-Ural macro-region in Russia, the main areas with varying growth potential are considered. Special attention is given to the semi-peripheral or equilibrium zone.

The problem of solid municipal waste (SMW) management in Russia is becoming increasingly relevant, requiring the implementation of effective territorially-oriented solutions. The article analyzes the issues of optimizing the placement of SMW collection and processing facilities using the example of Balashovsky district of the Saratov region. The main focus is on using linear programming methods and geoinformation modeling to select optimal locations for waste processing plants.

The article discusses the methodological aspects of urban area assessment based on the integration of basin, vector, landscape-geochemical and ecological-functional models. Tokmakovsky ravine, located on the southern outskirts of Saratov, was chosen as the object of research. The valley of the ravine is a typical element of the landscape structure of the Volga upland and has preserved traditional forms of nature management.

Introduction. A flight visibility model is presented that takes into account the nature of the underlying surface, the height of the flat terrain, and the dynamics of the aircraft flight due to changes in altitude and ground speed during aerial work. Materials and Methods. Hourly microring weather maps of the Central Russian Plain of the Moscow air hub were used. The research methodology is based on constructing a flight visibility model, taking into account the factors influencing it, including the terrain and the nature of the underlying surface.

The city of Saratov is subject to landslide processes, which occupy a significant part of its territory. Anthropogenic factors, such as irrational use of land, increasethe activation of landslide oftheterritory. The article considers naturalfactors as an aggregate influencing landslide formation on the territory of Saratov city and evaluates them.