The increase in illumination levels in populated areas, including as a result of the implementation of several federal projects, has raised concerns about light pollution caused by artificial lighting. This has led to questions about identifying areas and cities where artificial lighting levels have significantly increased, as well as evaluating the impact of this increase on the environment. Light pollution is considered one of the types of physical pollution, and within this framework, it has been analyzed in the context of the Saratov region. Based on data from the region, the absolute and relative (per street meter and per inhabitant) values of illumination from artificial lighting were analyzed over the period 2007 to 2022. Districts and cities with advanced and lagging development in terms of lighting were identified, and attempts were made to analyze the causes and factors behind the observed dynamics. The territory of Saratov was zoned to assess the current situation regarding light pollution. The analysis of the dynamics in the period 2012–2024 showed a decrease in the level of light pollution in the old districts of Saratov, but its increase in the new Gagarin district and on the outskirts. The territories of the city with a critical situation have also been identified. This study focuses on the effects of artificial lighting in the Kumysnaya Polyana Nature Park.