Saratov Region

The article represents general concept of the «risk» and concept of geoecological risk as a one of oil-fields’ risk exploitation manifestation within the regional features of Saratov region. Also the general chart of risk estimation with emphasis on cartographical risk-analysis of oilfields with application of GIS is disclosed in the article. 

The article is devoted to mapping questions of local semi-desert Saratov Priuzenye geosystems and facilities of cartographical works using for landscape structure identification and it’s variation as a result of anthropogenic load on the territory. Different ages field research, topographical and thematical maps, space images, geoinformation technology’ elements are used in the work. 

The initial period (middle of XVI – late XVIII centuries) of the formation of the demographic and settlement on the territory of modern Saratov region. Territorial expansion of the young Russian centralized state in the Volga region started in the region the process of diffusion material-technical and social innovations, which structured the space, transforming it into the administrative system. Identified spatial and temporal trends, vectors of its development and the factors determining them.

The issues of connection of manufacturing industry of the region and the structure of its exports are considered. Features of export of some regions of the Middle and Lower Volga region during the last two years are analyzed. An assessment of the effectiveness of export activities is given. On the example of the Saratov region shows a change in the structure of exports for the period 2013-2017. The question of possibilities of import substitution in the Saratov region is raised.

During long-term operation of oil and gas fields in the groundwater on their territory are formed hydrogeochemical anomalies expressed primarily chlorellaman type chemical composition, typical of the zone of active water exchange. The formation of the chemical composition of groundwater is influenced by many factors, both natural and manmade.

This article considers the methodology for constructing a digital elevation model and its derivatives for analyzing the spatial distribution of linear erosion processes using the territory of the Khvalynsky district as an example. The authors propose the creation of a refined terrain model based on SRTM radar data, topographic maps and the interpretation of Earth remote sensing data. The creation technology is described and a comparative analysis of the refined model with the base SRTM is carried out.

The article discusses aspects of developing an algorithm for flood zones modeling using modern geographic information technologies in the area of the river near the town Petrovsk. The integrated approach to the flood zones modeling of different hydrological magnitude is considered. As a result of the developed algorithm application, flood risk areas with different probabilities (1, 5, 25 and 50%) with an indication of the depth of flooding are identified.

The issue of spatial planning includes the subject of taxonomy. It seems that it is necessary to switch to the practice of planning, in addition to the meso-level (subject of the Russian Federation), at two taxonomic levels: the macroregion and the economic microdistrict. To do this, the article identifies the main properties of these formations. On the example of the Volga-Ural macroregion the properties of integrity, complementarity and connectivity are analyzed.