Izvestiya of Saratov University.
ISSN 1819-7663 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1921 (Online)


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Unitary Late Cretaceous Hexactinellids (Porifera)

Hexactinellids comprise diverse types of sponges viewed as solitary ones. They used to constitute the basis of sponge communities in the Middle-Late Jurassic and Middle Cretaceous of the European region. The morphological diversity of unitary forms is determined by the skeletal structure with combination of a goblet, a shaft, a false shaft and a system of rhizoids. The goblet wall is peculiar for the highest morphological flexibility, which contributes to substantial habitus changes of the skeleton original morphotypes.