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The article presents the results of monitoring of erosion processes on chernozems of the Volga region from 1973 to 2015. It is shown that the observed increase in winter temperatures can reduce the depth of soil freezing, increase the number of days with thaws and reduction of water reserves in the snow to the top of the snow melting. These processes improve the absorption of melt water conditions and lead to a decrease of spring runoff.

The influence of climate change on erosion processes in slope agricultural landscapes is determined. Long-term data (1971–2017) on the study of soil protection methods of the main tillage and their impact on water reserves in snow, melt water runoff, soil washout in the changing climate are presented. It was found that the increase of air temperature, the decrease in the depth of soil freezing led to a reduction in the loss of melt water to runoff and a reduction of erosion.