productivity

Repeatability and dynamics of probability of various type of droughts, and also estimation of their intensity on hydrothermal factor for the 120-year-old period (1891–2010гг is shown.). The agrometeorological characteristic of the most severe droughts is given. Decrease in productivity of grain crops and total gathering of grain in the Saratov area in years with various types of droughts is resulted

In the article the comparative analysis of repeatability of droughts of different intensity is presented in the separate interval of vegetation period on the natural zones of the Saratov area in 1951–1980 years and after 1981–2015 years. Centers of origin of droughts and their repetition on the area of coverage of the territory are shown. Agrometeorological description of the cruelest droughts is given, and consequences over of their influence are brought on gross collections of grain in the Saratov area.

The analysis of meteorological data obtained daily for 67 years was made to select the criteria for evaluation of hardiness and wintering of winter crops. The highest repetition frequency of disadvantageous winters was observed in 1960-s. The increase of temperature and precipitation during the winter in the past thirty years has created advantageous conditions for cultivation of winter crops in Saratov Region.