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Described the geological structure of the south-western part of the basin Buzuluk. Here the thickness of the Paleozoic sediments has a similar structure to the north and south of the basin Buzuluk, where sediments of the Lower Carboniferous and Devonian numerous open gas deposits. The morphological, geophysical, geological, physical, and thermobaric lithological characteristics of the section. The description of the structure to which the deposits are associated with hydrocarbons.

Complex sedimentologic examination of the JV₁¹ oil-bearing bed has been made within the southeastern part of the Yarsomovskij site. The Upper Jurassic beds within the study area were found to be represented by coastal-continental and coastal-marine facies.

Based on geological survey data from previous years, it is safe to say that there is a possibility of oil and gas discovery in the Devonian terrigenous-carbonate deposits, similar to the findings in the regions known as the Ryazano-Saratovsky Basin and the Stepnovskaya Anticline, as well as its adjacent areas. Yet the geological structure and a potential for discovery of recoverable hydrocarbon deposits within the Svintsovskaya Depression are still unclear.

Clay minerals and their parageneses make sensitive indicators of diverse processes involved in transformation of the Valanginian terrigenous rocks in the North Khalmerpayutinskaya field by hot solutions. The latter ones used to form hydrothermal-metasomatic reservoirs and to transport HC. The amounts of mixed-layer bodies and the proportions of swelling (smectite) and non-swelling (chlorite, micaceous) constituent packages make it possible to estimate the trap quality and the probability of HC presence.

Up to the present time the territory of Ryazan-Saratov mega-deflection including dedicated to it Chembarsko-Petrovskaya zone of dislocations for oil and gas remains poorly studied by modern geological and geophysical methods of exploration and deep exploratory drilling. In this paper the characteristic of the geological structure of a complex of Paleozoic rocks and identified deposits and deposits discovered in the Devonian and Carboniferous oil and gas complexes in

The deep structure and formation of the North Caspian (Precaspian) depression have not been fully understood due to the scarcity of depth studies at 18–22 km. The existing concepts and hypotheses are clearly insufficient to interpret the unexplained facts. New approaches and research efforts are necessary to solve the old problems. The current state of the depression deep structure problems is reviewed, and the existing explanation flaws are demonstrated. The depression consolidated crust has oceanic and riftogenic origin as it has been suggested by the author before.