Геология

Partial and complete regeneration phenomena, cases of skeleton habitus restoration have been recorded in representatives of the Late Cretaceous hexactinnelids. Regeneration incidences are in many ways associated with the ability of silicon-producing cells responsible for constructing skeleton-generating elements, spicules, to transform, to rearrange their functions in response to the changes of the organism position on the substrate surface and/or upon the changes of the aquatic environment parameters.

During long-term operation of oil and gas fields in the groundwater on their territory are formed hydrogeochemical anomalies expressed primarily chlorellaman type chemical composition, typical of the zone of active water exchange. The formation of the chemical composition of groundwater is influenced by many factors, both natural and manmade.

The paper deals withthe methods forstudying typomorphic featuresof clastogene quartz grains from the Melovatka suite terrigenou srocks within the stratotype and parastratotype sections. Calculated and observable typomorphic features of quartz grains have been examined; statistic analyses of their sphericity and isometricity parameter values have been made. Criteria for determining petrogenic or lithogenic nature of clastogene quartz have been specified.

Most of the Volga phosphate deposits are categorized as hard to recover, therefore traditional mining can result in environmental problems. An experimental rig model was manufactured for the shaftless mineral production from the thin productive layers. The projected productive capacity of a single production unit is 20,000 tons per year.

Guettardiscyphia skeletons are peculiar for thin walls and highly dense apo- and prosopores. Wall mobility was conductive to formation of conical lobate skeletons of various, occasionally geometrically regular outlines. Substantial number of fossil samples from variously composed rocks from all the Upper Cretaceous intervals has made it possible to trace skeleton transformations in sponge ontogenesis and depending on their environmental conditions.

Using Palyanovskoye oil field of Krasnoleninsk arch we demonstrated that local cataclasis and pneumatolytic-hydrothermal metasomatism manifestations are widespread in the Paleozoic basement rocks. For the first time the earliest indications of deep fluid activity were detected – at the stage of granite deep fluid saturation and primary diffuse leaching of feldspars. During transition to the infiltration process, they comprise jet-stream fibroblast structures formed due to biotite and plagioclase resorption by amphibole and scapolite association.

The results bio-, magnetostratigraphic, cyclostratigraphic, lithological and mineralogic studies of the upper part of Sultanovskaya formation and Zelenogorskaya formation near v. Alexeevka (Belogorskiy region of Crimea) were presented in current work. The results of lithological and mineralogic analysis argues for the stratigraphic break between “Sultanovskaya” formation and “Zelenogorskaya” formation and implicitly indicate the age of the sediments as late berriasian.

There was explored the behavior of Rns parameter (relation between the module of natural remaining magnetization after temperature 250° to the magnetization of saturation) in the interval of Ypresian in Aktolagay plateau (West Kazakhstan). The parameters were recounted to the values of H/H0 (relation between paleointensity to the intensity of modern magnetic field).

The paper presents the first holotype review of all the known Permian and Triassic ichthyofauna taxa of the Actinopterygii class, recognized and described by the researchers from the Saratov State University starting from the 1960-ties and currently kept at the University Earth Sciences Museum. Among the previously unknown taxa, there are two orders, three families, 22 genera and 57 species of actinopterygian fishes. Data on taxonomic compositions is provided, holotype numbers are presented alongside with their geographic and geologic referencing.

The paper presents the results of composition examination of the uppermost of the Pogozhskaya rhythmic member from the northern near-slope fringes of the Caspian Region. The potassium-bearing horizon encountered there is determined to have resulted from the demineralization stage overlapping the carnallite and the bischofite stage deposits.